Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Mimosa pudica.
Venkateshwarlu Goli1*, Kanakam Vijay Bhaskar1, Sravan
Prasad Macharla2, Jimmidi.Bhaskar1, P. Suvarna
Devi3 and T. Ramchander4
1Department of
Pharmacognosy, Venkateshwara Institute of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Charlapally, Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, India – 508001
2GBN Institute of Pharmacy, Ghatkesar,
RR District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3Sai Pranavi College of Pharmacy, keesara
,Ghatkesar RR District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
4Mother Theresa College of Pharmacy, NFC Nagar,
Ghatkesar RR District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: venkatvenki505@yahoo.in
ABSTRACT:
The present study was carried out to investigate the
anti-inflammatory property of petroleum ether, alcoholic and aqueous extracts of
Mimosa pudica Linn leaves using experimental animal models. The anti-inflammatory
activity of the various extracts was studied based on their effects on carrageenan-induced paw oedema
and cotton pellet granuloma in rats,.The
extracts in dose levels of 50,100 and 200 mg/kg orally were used for anti-inflammatory studies. The ethanol and aqueous extracts of
leaves of Mimosa pudica Linn significant (P<0.05)
anti-inflammatory activities in a dose-dependent manner to that of standard
drug indomethacin, while petroleum ether extract
exhibit minimum inhibitory effect in carageenan
induced hind paw oedema and cotton pellet granuloma in rats. All the doses used when compared to the
control group. The results obtained indicate that the crude leaf extracts of mimosa pudica
possess potent anti-inflammatory by supporting the folkloric usage of the plant
to treat various inflammatory conditions.
KEYWORDS: Mimosa pudica, Anti-inflammatory
activity, Rat paw oedema, carrageenan
induced inflammation.
INTRODUCTION:
Traditionally Mimosa pudica
used as a folklore medicine and used in various diseases. In our country this plant is grown in rainy season and this
plant is also called as touch me not plant
at the same it should have a various names in different languages like in English sensitive plant, in Hindi lazonthi, in Tamil
tottasiningi.
Remote peoples are used in the treatment of inflammation, diabetic, fever,
piles and various diseases (Dr. Elchuri). They are useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, leucoderma, vaginopathy, metropathy, ulcers,
dysentery, inflammations, burning
sensation, hemorrhoids, jaundice, asthma, fistula, small pox, strangury, spasmodic, affections and fevers. The leaves are
bitter, sudorific and tonic, and are useful in hydrocele, hemorrhoids, fistula, scrofula, conjunctivitis,
cuts and wounds and hemorrhages.
The whole plant
is used internally for vesicle calculi and externally for odema,
rheumatism, myalgia and tumors of the uterus (Sharma
PC et al). Literature survey on Mimosa pudica suggest
various therapeutic use of plant
reported such as urolithiasis (Joymma
S et al), ovulation, vibriocidal (Akinsinde
KA et al), antidepressant (Molina M et
al), estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities ( Valsala S et al), anti implantation and antiestrogenic
activity (Jamuna Devi Y et al), effects on oestrous cycle and
ovulation (Amalraj T et al), hyperglycemic (Ngo
Bum E et al), anticonvulsant activity (Girish KS et
al), hyaluronidase and protease activities(winter CA,
Risley EA et al).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Plant
materials:
The leaves of the
plant mimosa pudica were freshly collected in Cherlapally adjacent regions, Nalgonda,
AP, India during Aug-sept., 2010. It was identified
and authenticated by an expert from the Dept. of Botany, Kakatiya
University ,Warangal AP.
Preparation of
Extract:
The plant
materials were washed thoroughly to remove the dirt and shade dried at room
temperature. The dried leaves were coarsely powdered (1kg) and extracted
successively with petroleum ether (PEE), ethanol (EE) and water (AE) using
Soxhlet apparatus and concentrated under vacuum to obtain a petroleum ether
extract (5.46 %), an ethanol extract (10 %) and the aqueous extract (10.24 %). Dilution
of the extracts was made in saline for pharmacological studies.
Animals:
Male albino rats,
weighing 150-200g were procured from C.C.M.B, Hyderabad, India. The animals
were housed in polypropylene cages with sterile, inert husk materials as
bedding. The experimental animals were maintained under controlled environment
conditions (12 h light and dark cycle, temperature 22 ± 10ºC and relative
humidity 40-70 %). The animals were fed with a balanced commercial diet
(Hindustan Lever Ltd., Mumbai, India) and water ad libitum.
All procedures described were reviewed and approved by the institutional
ethical committee.
Carrageenan - induced rat paw oedema:
The
extracts of Mimosa pudica were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity
by carrageenan induced rat paw oedema
method (Heller A et al). Following an
overnight fast, 50,100 and 200 mg/kg of the petroleum ether, ethanol and
aqueous extracts of were orally administered to animals in different groups,
using an oral cannula. At the same time, animals in
the reference group received 10 mg/kg indomethacin
orally, while animals in the control group received saline, at a dose of 2
ml/kg. The paw volume was measured just before and 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr after the carrageenan injections using plethysmometer.
The animals were pretreated with all the drugs 1hr before the administration
of carrageenan. Acute inflammation was produced by
the subplantar administration of 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan in
normal saline in the right paw of the rats. The left paw served as a reference
to non-inflamed paw for comparison. Mean increase in paw volume was measured
and percentage of inhibition was calculated.
Percentage inhibition of edema= 1 - Vt X 100
Vc
Statistical
analysis:
Data are presented as mean ± S.D and the statistical significance of
observed difference between the value in the different groups were determined
by student’s t-test and results were considered statistically significant when P<
0.05
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
Mimosa pudica extracts (EE and AE) were observed to significantly
reduce the edema induced by carrageenan better than
PEE in a dose dependent manner. This is an indication of anti-inflammatory
effect of the extracts. Inflammatory processes are the physiological response
of the organism to different stimuli such as trauma, infections or
immunological mechanisms (Sur T et al). The presence of edema is one of the
prime signs of inflammation (Badilla B et al). The
method was chosen for this study since edema induced by carrageenan
is the most prominent acute experimental model in search for new
anti-inflammatory drugs (Garcia MD et al). It is known that carrageenan-induced
paw edema involves many mediators which induce inflammatory reaction in two
different phases (Maity TK et al). The initial phase
is attributed to the release of mediators such as histamine, serotonin and bradykinin. The second phase of oedema
is due to the release of prostaglandins, protease and lyosome
in tissues (Olajide OA et a). There was significant
differences observed throughout the experiment between control and indomethacin treated groups. The inflammatory granuloma is a typical feature of established chronic
inflammatory reaction. The dry weight of the pellet correlates with the amount
of granulomatous tissue. The EE and AE extracts
(200mg/kg) were effectively and significantly reduced. These data showed the
ability of the extracts in reducing the number of fibroblasts, and synthesis of
collagen and mucopolysaccharides, which are natural
proliferative events of granulation tissue formation. Thus, the results of this
study confirmed the traditional uses, claiming that Mimosa pudica leaves have potent
anti-inflammatory activity.
However, to know
the exact mechanism of action of Mimosa pudica leaf
extracts, further study with purified fractions is warranted.
Effects of
various extracts of Mimosa pudica on carrageenan – induced rat paw oedema
|
Group |
Dose |
Time(hr) |
1hr |
2hr |
3hr |
4hr |
% of inhibition |
|
Control |
2ml |
39.02±1.02 |
64.29±3.21 |
86.68±5.12 |
96.43±7.37 |
112.07±81. |
|
|
Indomethacin |
10 |
32.40±1.56 |
36.32±2.16 |
48.28±2.10 |
46.92±1.43 |
44.43±1.52 |
49.45 |
|
PEE |
50 |
37.96±2.78 |
59.54±4.32 |
78.07±5.62 |
69.92±6.74 |
65.89±5.94 |
20.44 |
|
|
100 |
34.88±1.97 |
52.27±3.62 |
77.27±5.72 |
64.04±4.79 |
65.55±4.13 |
25.42 |
|
|
200 |
32.96±1.56 |
47.54±3.16 |
62.07±3.02 |
57.92±2.54 |
56.89±3.61 |
36.84 |
|
EE |
50 |
37.96±2.76 |
58.54±4.26 |
76.07±5.32 |
66.92±4.74 |
62.89±5.91 |
23.18 |
|
|
100 |
34.96±1.66 |
49.54±3.26 |
64.07±4.32 |
62.92±3.74 |
60.89±4.81 |
32.28 |
|
|
200 |
31.76±1.56 |
41.32±1.16 |
54.45±1.10 |
52.86±1.43 |
50.72±1.52 |
44.81 |
|
AE |
50 |
34.91±2.73 |
56.52±4.16 |
72.09±5.16 |
68.86±4.82 |
64.88±4.91 |
24.32 |
|
|
100 |
33.96±1.76 |
49.54±3.26 |
72.09±5.16 |
62.92±2.74 |
60.89±4.81 |
32.61 |
|
|
200 |
31.52±1.56 |
40.32±1.03 |
50.32±1.12 |
51.52±1.08 |
50.31±1.14 |
45.69 |
Values are expressed as mean ± S.D. (n=6). P<0.05, significantly compared to the
control
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Received on 08.07.2011 Accepted on 24.08.2011
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